Product Name: Benzyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide
Synonyms: BTMH; Triton B; Benzyldimethylammonium hydroxide
Chemical Formula: C10H17NO
CAS Number: 100-85-6
Recommended Use: Phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis, chemical research, laboratory reagent
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Classification (GHS): Corrosive to skin (Category 1A), Serious eye damage (Category 1), Acute toxicity (Oral Category 4), Aquatic hazard (Chronic Category 3)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, harmful if swallowed, toxic to aquatic organisms with long-lasting effects
Pictograms: Corrosion, Exclamation mark, Environment
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors, wear protective equipment, wash hands thoroughly after handling, store in a well-ventilated place, avoid release to the environment
Chemical Name: Benzyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide
Concentration: 20–40% in water (typical solutions), can be supplied at different concentrations
Impurities: Possible trace amounts of benzyltrimethylammonium chloride and residual solvents depending on source
CAS Number: 100-85-6
EC Number: 202-894-1
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, keep at rest, seek medical advice for persistent symptoms such as coughing or difficulty breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical attention for burns or irritation
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids occasionally, get medical help immediately due to risk of permanent damage
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water, seek medical assistance without delay; risk of burns to mouth, throat, and stomach
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Pain or irritation at contact site, severe burns, difficulty breathing, visual impairment if in eyes, possible systemic toxicity on ingestion
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jets may spread spilled product
Hazards During Fire: Toxic and irritating vapors such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and unidentified organic compounds may form
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear and eye protection
Specific Procedures: Prevent contaminated runoff, cool containers exposed to fire using water, avoid breathing smoke or vapors
Personal Precautions: Ventilate area, keep unnecessary personnel away, wear gloves, goggles, protective clothing, and face shield
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, surface water, or soil; alert authorities in case of large spills
Clean-Up Methods: Absorb with inert material (sand, diatomaceous earth), collect in suitable containers, neutralize with dilute acid under fume hood
Disposal: Treat as hazardous waste, follow national/local regulations, wash spill area thoroughly after removal
Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated area or chemical fume hood, avoid skin and eye contact, refrain from eating or drinking while using, avoid inhalation of mists or vapors
Safe Storage: Store in tightly sealed corrosion-resistant containers, keep in cool dry place away from acids, water-reactive substances, and oxidizing agents
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, oxidizers, aluminum and zinc, compounds sensitive to bases
Other Precautions: Label storage area clearly, inspect containers regularly for leaks or corrosion
Occupational Exposure Limits: None established for pure substance; handle as strong base
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or fume hood recommended for all open handling
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (rubber, nitrile), splash-wear goggles, face shield, lab coat or apron, closed footwear
Respiratory Protection: Use an approved mask if ventilation is inadequate or for spill response
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling, remove contaminated clothing immediately, no food or beverage in work area
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid (in aqueous solution), clear solid available
Odor: Amine-like, mild odor
pH: Highly alkaline, pH >13 (for solution)
Melting Point: Not applicable (liquid solution); solid form melts ~100°C
Boiling Point: Not determined for solution; water component boils at 100°C
Flash Point: Not flammable in aqueous solution
Solubility: Readily soluble in water and polar organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Not measured; negligible for solutions
Density: Approximately 1.05–1.10 g/cm³ (solution)
Partition Coefficient: Not available
Decomposition Temperature: Decomposes on heating, liberates toxic fumes
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard conditions if kept dry and tightly closed
Reactivity: Strong base, reacts exothermically with acids, incompatible with strong oxidizers and halogenated compounds
Hazardous Reactions: Can form toxic products if in contact with acids, undergoes hydrolysis if exposed to CO₂
Polymerization: Not expected under normal conditions
Decomposition Products: At high temperatures forms nitrogen oxides, benzyl derivatives, and carbon monoxide/dioxide
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, heat, direct sunlight, acidic vapors
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 380 mg/kg (for representative quaternary ammonium hydroxides)
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Severe irritation and burns, can penetrate intact skin with prolonged exposure
Eye Damage: Causes serious eye damage, risk of blindness
Respiratory Sensitization: Inhalation of concentrated vapors can damage mucous membranes, throat, lungs
Chronic Effects: No evidence for carcinogenicity or mutagenicity in limited data; repeated or prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis or respiratory issues
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, eye contact
Symptoms: Redness, blistering, ulceration of skin, tearing, vision loss, cough, abdominal pain
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with lasting effects; quaternary ammonium compounds disrupt gill function and enzyme systems in aquatic organisms
Persistence & Degradability: Moderately biodegradable; breakdown depends on environmental conditions, presence of microorganisms
Bioaccumulation: Potential for low to moderate accumulation in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Readily transports with water, may contaminate groundwater if large spill occurs
Other Adverse Effects: Raises pH of affected water bodies, can damage plant and microbial life
Waste Methods: Collect product and residues in suitable, clearly labeled containers, neutralize cautiously with dilute acid before disposal
Disposal of Packaging: Rinse empty containers with water, treat as hazardous waste, do not reuse
Special Precautions: Dispose of through licensed chemical waste contractors, follow state and federal regulations
Do Not: Discharge into drains, water courses, or onto land without permission from local authorities
UN Number: UN 3267
Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive liquid, basic, organic, n.o.s. (Benzyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive substances)
Packing Group: II
Environmental Hazard: Yes, for marine pollutant regulation (IMDG)
Transport Labels: Corrosive placard (Class 8)
Special Precautions: Protect from physical damage, keep container upright and secured, avoid mixing with incompatible substances during transport
OSHA Status: Classified as hazardous
TSCA Status: Listed on U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
SARA Title III: Immediate (acute) health hazard, may be subject to reporting under Section 311/312
WHMIS Classification: Class E (Corrosive material)
REACH Status (EU): Registered or pre-registered for import and use in Europe
Other Regulations: Subject to restrictions or controls under chemical storage, workplace safety, and environmental legislation; local and national requirements may apply
