Product Name: Tetramethylammonium Bicarbonate
CAS Number: 10451-98-8
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, chemical synthesis intermediate
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GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation – category 3), Skin corrosion/irritation (category 2), Serious eye damage/irritation (category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure, category 3)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled; Causes skin and eye irritation; May cause respiratory irritation
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or vapors; Wash skin thoroughly after handling; Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area; Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal, ocular
Target Organs: Central nervous system, gastrointestinal system
Chemical Name: Tetramethylammonium Bicarbonate
Chemical Formula: C5H13NO3
CAS Number: 10451-98-8
Content: >98% by weight
Synonyms: TMAH Bicarbonate, TMAB, Tetramethylammonium hydrogen carbonate
Impurities: Trace amounts of related ammonium compounds (<2%)
Additives: No additional stabilizers present
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air right away. Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. Seek medical attention immediately. If breathing stops, administer artificial respiration.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing promptly. Rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Use soap if available. Seek immediate medical help.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Get emergency medical attention right away.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water. Do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth if the person is unconscious or drowsy. Immediate medical care is advised.
Symptoms: Headache, nausea, dizziness, confusion, vomiting, respiratory discomfort, skin redness, blurred vision, severe irritation.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical powder, foam, or carbon dioxide. Use a large amount of water if available.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Avoid strong water jets.
Fire Hazards: Product itself is not highly flammable, but thermal decomposition generates highly toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methylamines, and ammonia.
Advice for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective suits. Approach fire from upwind.
Explosion Hazards: Dust may form explosive mixtures with air under certain conditions.
Special Procedures: Move containers from fire area if possible without risk. Use water spray to cool exposed surfaces and prevent spread of fire.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area. Use suitable protective equipment including gloves, safety goggles, chemical-resistant clothing, and respirator.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into the environment. Avoid runoff into sewers, surface water, and soil.
Spill Cleanup Methods: Ventilate area. Cover spill with absorbent material like sand or vermiculite. Sweep up and transfer to a suitable container for disposal. Clean residual material with copious water.
Decontamination: Flush contaminated area with water after pickup. Dispose of collected material according to local regulations.
Methods for Small Spills: Use damp cloth or specialist absorbents.
Methods for Large Spills: Dike spill for later disposal. Prevent dust formation.
Precautions for Safe Handling: Avoid creating dust and vapor. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Do not ingest, inhale, or expose skin and eyes. Wear recommended protective clothing and gloves. Avoid direct contact with incompatible materials.
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands, forearms, and face thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Storage Requirements: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated conditions in a tightly closed original container. Protect from direct sunlight, heat sources, moisture, and incompatible substances.
Incompatibilities: Avoid acids, strong oxidizers, and strong bases; reactions can generate hazardous gases and heat.
Other Recommendations: Maintain proper labeling on all containers. Store separately from food and beverages.
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or general room ventilation to keep exposures below recommended limits.
Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH exposure limits. Use as low as reasonably achievable.
Respiratory Protection: Use chemical cartridge respirator with full facepiece for handling powder or large quantities.
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles or full-face shield.
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), laboratory coat, chemical apron if splashing may occur.
Other Protective Equipment: Emergency eyewash stations and safety showers at the work location.
Hygiene Measures: No eating, drinking, or smoking where product is handled.
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Odor: Slight ammonia or fish-like odor
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Alkaline when dissolved in water (approx. 11.0–12.5 at 25°C)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: Decomposes before melting
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Not flammable
Evaporation Rate: Not determined
Flammability: Not flammable in solid form
Explosion Limits: Not established
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Vapor Density: Not applicable (solid)
Relative Density: About 1.25 g/cm³
Solubility in Water: Readily soluble (greater than 100 g/L at 20°C)
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not determined
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not self-igniting
Decomposition Temperature: ~175°C, releases toxic gases
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid)
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended conditions of storage and use. Moisture can lead to gradual decomposition.
Reactivity: May react strongly with acids, liberating toxic and corrosive gases.
Hazardous Reactions: Violent or exothermic reactions possible with alkalis, oxidizing materials, or strong acids.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, humidity, incompatible chemicals, open flames.
Materials to Avoid: Acids, strong oxidizers, reducing agents, anhydrides.
Decomposition Products: Ammonia, methylamines, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide.
Polymerization: Will not occur under normal conditions.
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~50 mg/kg; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): <200 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50: data not available, but expected to be low due to high systemic toxicity.
Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged or repeated exposure causes liver, kidney, and nervous system damage.
Skin/Irritation: Moderate to severe irritation, especially with prolonged exposure.
Eye Damage/Irritation: Moderate to severe irritation, risk of permanent effects.
Respiratory/Inhalation Effects: Respiratory tract irritation, cough, headache, risk of CNS depression.
Sensitization: No reliable evidence for sensitization.
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: No data suggesting mutagenic or carcinogenic effects from standard tests, but untested for chronic low-level exposure.
Reproductive Toxicity: No data available for reproductive toxicity from existing studies.
Target Organs: Central nervous system, skin, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract.
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life (LC50/EC50 reported for fish/algae = 1–10 mg/L).
Persistence and Degradability: May persist in the environment but can hydrolyze; biodegradation not well characterized.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Expected to have low potential for bioaccumulation due to solubility and chemical instability.
Mobility: High water solubility indicates considerable mobility in soil and water.
Other Adverse Effects: Detrimental to sewage treatment processes and aquatic invertebrates.
Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous waste. Incinerate under controlled conditions in accordance with local, state, and national rules.
Container Cleaning: Triple rinse containers before discarding. Avoid water contamination.
Disposal Precautions: Do not pour down the drain. Notify authorities if release occurs.
Special Instructions: Contract with licensed waste disposal service.
UN Number: 2811
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. (Tetramethylammonium Bicarbonate)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Marine Pollutant: Yes (classified as dangerous to aquatic environment)
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture. Ship in original containers, clearly labeled.
Transportation Regulations: Comply with local, international, and national regulations.
Emergency Response Guide Number: 151
OSHA Status: Regulated as a toxic and hazardous material.
TSCA Status: Listed in the US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory.
SARA Title III Sections 302/313: Not listed as an extremely hazardous substance but may require reporting based on quantities.
RCRA Status: Classified as hazardous waste.
REACH Status: Notified in accordance with EU regulations.
WHMIS Classification (Canada): D1A (Very Toxic), D2B (Skin/Eye Irritant)
Other Regulations: May be subject to local and regional safety, environmental, and health codes.
Restriction Details: Professional use only; not for sale to the general public.
Labeling Requirement: Must display GHS, transport, and legally required precautionary information.
