Product Name: Trimethylamine Hydrochloride
Chemical Formula: C3H9N•HCl
Synonyms: Trimethylammonium chloride, TMA Hydrochloride
CAS Number: 593-81-7
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, chemical synthesis
Manufacturer: Information provided by supplier or detailed on packaging label
Contact Information: Emergency phone numbers available on vendor documentation, safety department contacts as listed on primary purchase receipts
Emergency Overview: Solid, white crystalline appearance, strong ammonia odor, contact with moisture may release irritating fumes
Classification: Acute Toxicity – Oral Category 4, Skin Irritation Category 2, Eye Irritation Category 2A, Specific Target Organ Toxicity (single exposure) Category 3
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, causes skin and eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation
Pictograms: Exclamation mark (GHS07)
Precautionary Statements: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, wash thoroughly after handling, use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area, wear protective gloves and eye/face protection, if exposed or concerned seek medical advice
Other Hazards: Exposure to moisture releases trimethylamine gas, flammable, possible risk for sensitive individuals
Chemical Identity: Trimethylamine Hydrochloride
CAS No.: 593-81-7
Concentration: Typically 99+% by weight
Impurities: Trace by-products of manufacturing, max 1% (usually specified on supplier data)
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, monitor for breathing; administer oxygen if breathing difficulty occurs; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately, wash skin thoroughly with soap and plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; medical advice recommended for irritation
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of lukewarm water for 15 minutes, forcibly holding eyelids open; get medical help as soon as possible
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, get immediate medical attention; if victim is conscious, provide water
Acute Symptoms: Irritation of mucous membranes, nausea, dizziness, headaches, skin and eye redness and swelling
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, or water spray
Specific Hazards: Decomposes on heating, emitting toxic and flammable gases such as ammonia, hydrogen chloride, and trimethylamine
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Special Procedures: Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray, avoid inhaling fumes or smoke
Combustion Products: Ammonia, hydrochloric acid, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, possible explosive vapors in an enclosed space
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ensure good ventilation, avoid breathing dust or vapors, wear appropriate PPE including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff to drains, sewers, waterways, contain spill with dry earth, sand, or non-combustible material
Spill Containment: Collect spilled material with a shovel or scoop, place in a dry, sealed container for disposal; for liquid residue, absorb with inert material
Disposal: Dispose of waste according to local, regional, and national regulations
Decontamination: Wash area with water and detergent, ventilate until fumes dissipate
Handling: Minimize dust generation, avoid any physical contact with solids or generated gas, do not breathe vapors, use only in a chemical fume hood or a system with local exhaust; keep containers tightly closed
Hygiene: Wash hands before breaks and at end of workday, avoid eating, drinking, and smoking near product
Storage Conditions: Store at room temperature, in a dry, well-ventilated location away from heat, moisture, ignition sources, incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and acids
Container Materials: Use suitable corrosion-resistant, chemically compatible containers, label clearly with hazard information
Exposure Limits: No OSHA PEL, ACGIH TLV TWA for solid; ACGIH TLV for trimethylamine gas is 5 ppm (TWA – 8 hr), 15 ppm (STEL)
Engineering Controls: Adequate mechanical ventilation, chemical fume hood, local exhaust systems
Personal Protective Equipment: NIOSH/MSHA-approved respirator if dust or vapors present, chemical-resistant gloves (such as nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles, face shield for splash risk, protective clothing
Workplace Monitoring: Airborne concentration monitoring recommended for active handling
Environmental Controls: Use spill trays, avoid discharge to the environment
Appearance: White, hygroscopic crystalline powder
Odor: Strong, fishy, ammonia-like
Odor Threshold: Distinct, at low ppm concentrations
pH: Around 5 (10 g/l solution)
Melting Point: 233–236°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Flash Point: Not applicable to solid
Flammability: Solid is not directly flammable, but vapors released on contact with water are flammable
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature (solid form)
Solubility: Freely soluble in water and alcohol, releases volatile trimethylamine
Density: 0.97 g/cm³
Molecular Weight: 95.57 g/mol
Stability: Stable under ambient conditions in tightly sealed dry containers
Incompatibility: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, bases, moisture, metals such as zinc or aluminum
Decomposition: Releases hazardous fumes of ammonia, hydrogen chloride, trimethylamine, and possibly other nitrogen oxides on heating
Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, humidity, contact with incompatible substances
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): around 500 mg/kg; skin irritation and corrosion observed in laboratory models
Chronic Toxicity: Repeated or prolonged exposure causes liver and kidney effects in high concentrations
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eye contact
Symptoms: Lightheadedness, coughing, nausea, burning sensation in airways, skin redness, eye watering, corrosion of mucous membranes
Sensitization: Not known to cause allergic reactions
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: No evidence reported; data limited
Other Data: Symptoms worsen for asthmatic or sensitive individuals; prompt medical attention needed for larger exposures
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms at low concentrations, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not bioaccumulative, but highly soluble
Mobility: High in soil and water; can contaminate water sources if released unchecked
Persistence/Degradability: Readily degraded but harmful effects persist in affected ecosystem before breakdown
Other Harmful Effects: pH shift in natural water bodies, promotion of algal blooms due to nitrogen content
Methods of Disposal: Collect and place in properly labeled, tightly closed containers; handle solid and solutions as hazardous waste
Disposal Regulations: Disposal in accordance with local, regional, and national environmental controls; avoid landfill or sewer systems
Incineration: Preferred for large amounts, must be in chemical incinerators with afterburner and scrubber
Contaminated Containers: Decontaminate by triple rinsing and treating as hazardous waste
UN Number: 3288
UN Proper Shipping Name: Toxic Solid, Inorganic, N.O.S. (contains Trimethylamine Hydrochloride)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Transport Labels: Toxic, Class 6
Special Precautions: Ensure packaging prevents moisture ingress, ventilation required, emergency procedures supply and notification required during transit
Regulatory Transport Information: Subject to standard hazardous materials regulations (DOT, IATA, IMDG); documentation required
OSHA Hazard Categories: Acute health hazard, chemical hazard
TSCA: Listed
SARA 313: Not subject to reporting
California Prop 65: Not listed as carcinogen or reproductive toxicant
Europe (REACH): Requires notification for quantities above 1 tonne/year; classified harmful under CLP regulation
Other International Registration: Subject to national workplace and environmental safety rules
WHMIS (Canada): Classified as D2B (Toxic Material Causing Other Toxic Effects)
